We all know that sunglasses are extremely important to protect our eyes but do you know how they really work? Sunglasses can help our eyes in two important ways. They help filter light and they protect against the damaging rays of the sun.
There are three types of rays that the sun emits:
- Visible – what you see as color
- Infrared – what you feel as heat
- Ultraviolet or UV radiation – These invisible UV rays can damage our eyes. Constant exposure to bright sunlight can damage the cornea (the clear outer part of the eye that allows light through to the retina), the lens (the part of the eye responsible for focusing), and the retina (the innermost layer of the eye that sends an image to the brain). Sunglasses that reduce glare and filter 99-100% of ultraviolet (UV) rays are essential. They should be comfortable and protect our eyes without any distortion.
While anyone who spends time out the sun is at risk, those who spend long hours in the sun because of work or sports have a higher health risk from UV rays. Those who have had cataract surgery and/or certain retinal disorders are also at risk. Some people are more sensitive to UV rays, including those who take certain medications, birth control pills, tranquilizers etc. All types of eyewear, including prescription and non-prescription glasses, contact lenses should absorb UV rays.
There are different types of lenses that are available in the market. Clip-on lenses, gradient, mirrored, photochromatic and polarizing. Clip-on lenses are convenient but they have a chance of falling off so it is better to stick to any of the other variants. In terms of color, it is best to go in for neutral grey, amber or brown tints and dark colors for maximum protection.
While buying sunglasses, keep these things in mind:
- Shop for sunglasses that block 99% to 100% of UV rays
- Sunglasses should also eliminate glare and squinting
- Lenses should be inspected for flaws such as scratches, bubbles and distortions as these can result in squinting, blinking and even slight headaches, nausea and dizziness.